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Gradients video

When charged molecules are present in higher concentrations on one side of the membrane than on the other, the result is an electrical gradient. Electrical gradients can provide the energy for passive transport of molecules across the plasma membrane—processes such as diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis. Passive transport means that the cell does not need to contribute any of its own ATP energy in order to move the molecules. The energy is provided by the electrochemical gradient.

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