Higgs particle
Higgs bosons appear in theories with broken local gauge symmetries. In the Standard Model, Higgs is the last piece of the puzzle remaining to be discovered. Unification of the weak force and the electromagnetic force is achieved by Higgs coupling to the gauge bosons which have "weak" flavor, thereby giving it a large "effective" mass and reducing the range of the interaction, hence making the weak force "weak". This effective mass depends on the coupling between the particle and the massive Higgs boson. It can accommodate the masses of fundamental particles, which would otherwise be massless due to the underlying symmetry of the Standard Model (SM).
