"Lec 14 - Quantifying Uncertainty and Risk" Financial Theory (ECON 251) Until now, the models we've used in this course have focused on the case where everyone can perfectly forecast future economic conditions. Clearly, to understand financial markets, we have to incorporate uncertainty into these models. The first half of this lecture continues reviewing the key statistical concepts that we'll need to be able to think seriously about uncertainty, including expectation, variance, and covariance. We apply these concepts to show how diversification can reduce risk exposure. Next we show how expectations can be iterated through time to rapidly compute conditional expectations: if you think the Yankees have a 60% chance of winning any game against the Dodgers, what are the odds the Yankees will win a seven game series once they are up 2 games to 1? Finally we allow the interest rate, the most important variable in the economy according to Irving Fisher, to be uncertain. We ask whether interest rate uncertainty tends to make a dollar in the distant future more valuable or less valuable. 00:00 - Chapter 1. Expectation, Variance, and Covariance 19:06 - Chapter 2. Diversification and Risk Exposure 33:54 - Chapter 3. Conditional Expectation 53:39 - Chapter 4. Uncertainty in Interest Rates Complete course materials are available at the Open Yale Courses website: http://open.yale.edu/courses This course was recorded in Fall 2009.
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                                    Lec 2- Utilities, Endowments, and Equilibrium
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 4- Efficiency, Assets, and Time
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 5- Present Value Prices and the Real Rate of Interest
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 6 - Irving Fisher's Impatience Theory of Interest
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 7 - Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice and Collateral, Present Value and the Vocabulary of Finance
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 8 - How a Long-Lived Institution Figures an Annual Budget. Yield
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 10 - Dynamic Present Value
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 12 - Overlapping Generations Models of the Economy
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 13 - Demography and Asset Pricing: Will the Stock Market Decline when the Baby Boomers Retire?
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 15 - Uncertainty and the Rational Expectations Hypothesis
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 16 - Backward Induction and Optimal Stopping Times
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 17 - Callable Bonds and the Mortgage Prepayment Option
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 18 - Modeling Mortgage Prepayments and Valuing Mortgages
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 19 - History of the Mortgage Market: A Personal Narrative
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 21 - Dynamic Hedging and Average Life
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 22 - Risk Aversion and the Capital Asset Pricing Theorem
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 23 - The Mutual Fund Theorem and Covariance Pricing Theorems
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 24 - Risk, Return, and Social Security
                                   
                                    
                                    Lec 25 - The Leverage Cycle and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis