Course: Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering with W. Mark Saltzman Dnatube
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Lec 1 - What Is Biomedical Engineering?
"Lec 1 - What Is Biomedical Engineering?" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman introduces the concepts and applications of biomedical engineering, providing an overview of the course syllabus, reading materials for lecture and labs and grading logistics. Various pictures are shown to highlight the current application of biomedical engineering technologies in...
Lec 2 - What Is Biomedical Engineering? ...
"Lec 2 - What Is Biomedical Engineering? (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Class begins with discussion of students' answers to the two questions given as assignment in the previous lecture. Professor Saltzman talks about the basic concept of biomedical engineering and two separate aspects of it: gaining better understanding of human physiology and developing ways to...
Lec 3 - Genetic Engineering
"Lec 3 - Genetic Engineering" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman introduces the elements of molecular structure of DNA such as backbone, base composition, base pairing, and directionality of nucleic acids. He describes the processes of DNA synthesis, transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational processing required to make a protein such as...
Lec 4 - Genetic Engineering (cont.)
"Lec 4 - Genetic Engineering (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman continues his presentation on DNA technology by discussing control of gene expression using two methods of RNA silencing: anti-sense therapy and RNA interference. Molecular cloning techniques to mass-produce proteins using plasmid, restriction enzymes, ligase, and antibiotic selection in...
Lec 5 - Cell Culture Engineering
"Lec 5 - Cell Culture Engineering" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman reviews the concept of gene therapy, and gives some examples of where this is applied. Methods to help deliver DNA into cells using viruses and cationic lipids are discussed, as a way to overcome some challenges in gene therapy. Next, Professor Saltzman gives a brief introduction into...
Lec 6 - Cell Culture Engineering (cont.)
"Lec 6 - Cell Culture Engineering (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman describes the processes of fertilization and embryogenesis. Professor Saltzman then talks about the definition and classification of different types of stem cells, where stem cells are found in the body, and the potential for use of stem cells in treating diseases. Some challenges in...
Lec 7 - Cell Communication and Immunology
"Lec 7 - Cell Communication and Immunology" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman talks about cell communication, specifically ligand-receptor interactions that are important in maintaining homeostasis in the body. Different types of receptors and ligands, the nature of their interactions and ways to apply this into developing drugs are discussed (eg. Aldopa,...
Lec 8 - Cell Communication and Immunolog ...
"Lec 8 - Cell Communication and Immunology (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman continues his discussion of cell communication in the body, extending the description to the nervous and immune system. Professor Saltzman describes the mode of signal transmission in neurons: action potential in the axon, and neurotransmitter release at the synaptic cleft....
Lec 9 - Biomolecular Engineering: Engine ...
"Lec 9 - Biomolecular Engineering: Engineering of Immunity" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman talks about the importance of vaccines, and particularly the role of bioengineering in vaccine development. He first addresses the question of "what is a vaccine" and the role of the immune system. He then describes the biological basis, symptoms, and history of...
Lec 10 - Biomolecular Engineering: Engin ...
"Lec 10 - Biomolecular Engineering: Engineering of Immunity (cont.)"Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman continues his presentation on the topic of vaccine. First, Professor Saltzman describes the host immune response to pathogen recognition, in terms of immunoglobulin release, T-cell activation, and memory cell production. The production, distribution, and...
Lec 11 - Biomolecular Engineering: Gener ...
"Lec 11 - Biomolecular Engineering: General Concepts" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman starts the lecture with an introduction to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Professor Saltzman talks about the concept of dose-response. He introduces different routes of drug administration and how they affect drug distribution and bioavailability (i.e., intravenous,...
Lec 12 - Biomolecular Engineering: Gener ...
"Lec 12 - Biomolecular Engineering: General Concepts (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman reviews the pharmacokinetic first-order rate equation that can be used to model changes in drug concentration in the blood, as well as its derivation from the law of conservation of mass. The importance of maintaining a drug concentration that is sufficient for...
Lec 13 - Cardiovascular Physiology
"Lec 13 - Cardiovascular Physiology" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman discusses the biophysics of the circulatory system. He begins by describing the anatomy of different types of blood vessels, and states the relationship between pressure difference (ΔP) as the driving force for fluid flow (Q) in a tube (i.e., blood vessel) with some resistance R (ΔP =...
Lec 14 - Cardiovascular Physiology (cont.)
"Lec 14 - Cardiovascular Physiology (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman describes the blood flow through the systemic and pulmonary circulatory system. More specifically, he describes, with the help of diagrams, the events that lead to blood flow in the body as a function of contraction/relaxation by specific chambers of the heart, and the effect of...
Lec 15 - Cardiovascular Physiology (cont.)
"Lec 15 - Cardiovascular Physiology (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman talks about electrical conductivity in the heart: that is, the generation and propagation of electrical potential in heart cells. He describes the role of ion channels and pumps in transporting sodium, potassium, and calcium ions to create action potential. This propagation of...
Lec 16 - Renal Physiology
"Lec 16 - Renal Physiology" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman introduces the basic concepts of renal physiology. Professor Saltzman first introduces the function and anatomy of the kidney. Special attention is given to the cell types and structural aspect of the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. Filtration, secretion of toxic waste, and reabsorption...
Lec 17 - Renal Physiology (cont.)
"Lec 17 - Renal Physiology (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman continues his description of nephron anatomy, and the specific role of each part of the nephron in establishing concentration gradients to help in secretion and reabsorption of water, ions, nutrients and wastes. A number of molecular transport processes that produces urine from the initial...
Lec 18 - Biomechanics and Orthopedics
"Lec 18 - Biomechanics and Orthopedics" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman introduces the material properties of elasticity and viscosity. He describes two separate experimental setups to measure the elasticity and the viscosity of a material. Material elasticity can be defined in terms of stress-strain property, and defines the Young's modulus (E), which is...
Lec 19 - Biomechanics and Orthopedics (c ...
"Lec 19 - Biomechanics and Orthopedics (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman begins the lecture with discussion of the importance of motion for the survival and propagation of any living species. He presents the different modes of motion, taking first the example flight to talk about force balance, such as the magnitude of propulsive force that must be...
Lec 20 - Bioimaging
"Lec 20 - Bioimaging" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman first reviews the electromagnetic spectrum, the different regimes of the spectrum, their respective wavelengths, energies, and ways of detecting them. He then talks about the use of high energy radio waves for imaging of the body. The history, components, advantages and limitations of X-ray imaging are...
Lec 21 - Bioimaging (cont.)
"Lec 21 - Bioimaging (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman continues his discussion of biomedical imaging technology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is introduced as an alternate form of imaging, which does not use ionizing radiation yet can provide detailed structure of the body. Functional MRI (fMRI) has a different application from traditional MRI....
Lec 22 - Tissue Engineering
"Lec 22 - Tissue Engineering" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman motivates the need for tissue engineering, and describes the basic elements of the tissue engineering approach. Professor Saltzman defines three different types of tissue transplants: autografts, allografts, and xenografts. An online resource for organ donors/recipients is presented, which...
Lec 23 - Tissue Engineering (cont.)
"Lec 23 - Tissue Engineering (cont.)" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) In this lecture, Professor Saltzman continues his discussion of tissue engineering, and its role in facilitating healing, tissue regeneration, organ replacement, drug delivery and as model for studying human physiology. Specific examples from current research by scientists at Yale are used to illustrate some...
Lec 24 - Biomedical Engineers and Cancer
"Lec 24 - Biomedical Engineers and Cancer" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) Professor Saltzman uses cancer diagnosis and treatment as an example to demonstrate the some applications of biomedical engineering technologies and methods. Some issues involved in cancer treatment, such as tumor angiogenesis, radiation sensitivity, drug localization, and cancer stem cells are...
Lec 25 - Biomedical Engineers and Artifi ...
"Lec 25 - Biomedical Engineers and Artificial Organs" Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering (BENG 100) In this final lecture, Professor Saltzman talks about artificial organs, with a stress on synthetic biomaterials. First, the body's responses (immunological and scar healing responses) to foreign materials are introduced. This leads to discussion of different types of polymer/plastic...
Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering with W. Mark Saltzman
Source of these courses is Yale
The course covers basic concepts of biomedical engineering and their connection with the spectrum of human activity. It serves as an introduction to the fundamental science and engineering on which biomedical engineering is based. Case studies of drugs and medical products illustrate the product development-product testing cycle, patent protection, and FDA approval. It is designed for science and non-science majors.
Yale Website: http://www.dnatube.com/school/yale
COURSE NAME: Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering with W. Mark Saltzman